aoc_2018/src/tasks/day15.rs

use crate::utils;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::collections::HashSet;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::fmt::Display;

const HEALTH: i32 = 200;

pub fn task1() {
    let input = utils::read_file("input/day15.txt");
    let mut game = Game::from_input(&input.lines().collect(), 3, 3);
    println!("{}", game);
    let mut round = 0;
    while game.round() {
        round += 1;
        // println!("{}", game);
        // println!("round was {}", round);
    }
    println!("Final full round was {}", round);
    println!(
        "Result: {}",
        game.units.iter().map(|it| it.health).sum::<i32>() * round as i32
    );
}

pub fn task2() {
    let input = utils::read_file("input/day15.txt");
    let input = input.lines().collect();
    let mut highest_fail = 3;
    let mut lowest_win = None::<i32>;
    while lowest_win.is_none() || lowest_win.unwrap() - 1 > highest_fail {
        let attack = match lowest_win {
            Some(upper) => highest_fail + (upper - highest_fail) / 2,
            None => 2 * highest_fail,
        };
        let mut game = Game::from_input(&input, 3, attack);
        let initial_elve_count = game
            .units
            .iter()
            .filter(|unit| unit.warrior_type == WarriorType::Elve)
            .count();
        let mut round = 0;
        while game.round() {
            round += 1;
        }
        if game
            .units
            .iter()
            .filter(|unit| unit.warrior_type == WarriorType::Elve)
            .count()
            == initial_elve_count
        {
            lowest_win = Some(attack);
        } else {
            highest_fail = attack;
        }
        println!(
            "Result: {}",
            game.units.iter().map(|it| it.health).sum::<i32>() * round as i32
        );
    }
    println!("Searching stopped with lowest win {:?}", lowest_win); // 7169 too low
}

#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]
enum Tile {
    Empty,
    Wall,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Debug)]
enum WarriorType {
    Elve,
    Goblin,
}

impl WarriorType {
    fn enemy_type(&self) -> Self {
        use self::WarriorType::*;
        match self {
            Elve => Goblin,
            Goblin => Elve,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
struct Position(usize, usize);

impl Position {
    fn neighbors(&self, width: usize, height: usize) -> Vec<Position> {
        vec![
            (self.0 as isize, self.1 as isize - 1),
            (self.0 as isize - 1, self.1 as isize),
            (self.0 as isize + 1, self.1 as isize),
            (self.0 as isize, self.1 as isize + 1),
        ]
        .into_iter()
        .filter(|p| p.0 > 0 && p.0 < width as isize - 1 && p.1 > 0 && p.1 < height as isize - 1)
        .map(|it| Position(it.0 as usize, it.1 as usize))
        .collect()
    }

    fn manhattan_distance(&self, other: &Self) -> usize {
        let a = if self.0 > other.0 {
            self.0 - other.0
        } else {
            other.0 - self.0
        };
        let b = if self.1 > other.1 {
            self.1 - other.1
        } else {
            other.1 - self.1
        };
        a + b
    }
}

impl PartialOrd for Position {
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> std::option::Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
        if self.1 == other.1 {
            Some(self.0.cmp(&other.0))
        } else {
            Some(self.1.cmp(&other.1))
        }
    }
}

impl Ord for Position {
    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
        if self.1 == other.1 {
            self.0.cmp(&other.0)
        } else {
            self.1.cmp(&other.1)
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Warrior {
    warrior_type: WarriorType,
    position: Position,
    health: i32,
    attack: i32,
}

struct Game {
    units: Vec<Warrior>,
    /// [x, y]
    tiles: Vec<Vec<Tile>>,
    width: usize,
    height: usize,
}

impl Game {
    fn closest_fighting_position(
        &self,
        from: Position,
        target_type: WarriorType,
    ) -> Option<Position> {
        let mut map = Map::from_game(&self, from);

        for unit in self.units.iter() {
            if unit.warrior_type == target_type {
                for neighbor in unit.position.neighbors(self.width, self.height) {
                    if map.fields[neighbor.0][neighbor.1] == MapTile::Empty {
                        map.fields[neighbor.0][neighbor.1] = MapTile::TargetNonOccupied;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        map.find_closest_target(from)
    }

    fn next_position(&self, from: Position, to: Position) -> Option<Position> {
        if from == to {
            return Some(from);
        }
        // let input = vec![
        //     (1, Position(from.0, from.1 - 1)),
        //     (2, Position(from.0 - 1, from.1)),
        //     (3, Position(from.0 + 1, from.1)),
        //     (4, Position(from.0, from.1 + 1)),
        // ];
        // if let Some((_, best)) = input
        //     .iter()
        //     .filter_map(|(delta, start)| {
        //         let map = Map::from_game(&self, from);
        //         if let Some(path) = map.shortest_path(*start, to) {
        //             Some((delta + path.len() * 10, *path.first().unwrap_or(start)))
        //         } else {
        //             None
        //         }
        //     })
        //     .min_by_key(|(d, _)| *d)
        // {
        //     Some(best)
        // } else {
        //     None
        // }
        let map = Map::from_game(&self, from);
        if let Some(path) = map.shortest_path(from, to) {
            // println!("{:?}", path);
            Some(*path.get(1).unwrap_or(&from))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Returns true if a full round was played, false if the round aborted because all
    /// enemies of one party are dead
    fn round(&mut self) -> bool {
        self.units.sort_unstable_by_key(|it| it.position);

        let mut curr = 0;
        while curr < self.units.len() {
            if !self
                .units
                .iter()
                .any(|warrior| warrior.warrior_type == self.units[curr].warrior_type.enemy_type())
            {
                println!("There are no enemies anymore!");
                return false;
            }

            // movement phase
            if let Some(next_target_position) = self.closest_fighting_position(
                self.units[curr].position,
                self.units[curr].warrior_type.enemy_type(),
            ) {
                if self.units[curr].position != next_target_position {
                    if let Some(next_position) =
                        self.next_position(self.units[curr].position, next_target_position)
                    {
                        // println!(
                        //     "{:?} moves to {:?} via {:?}",
                        //     self.units[curr].position, next_target_position, next_position
                        // );
                        self.units[curr].position = next_position;
                    } else {
                        panic!("We have a reachable target but no path to it! {:?} wants to go to {:?}", self.units[curr], next_target_position);
                    }
                }
            }

            // attack phase
            let neighbors = self.units[curr].position.neighbors(self.width, self.height);
            let mut close_enemies: Vec<usize> = self
                .units
                .iter()
                .enumerate()
                .filter(|(_, it)| it.warrior_type == self.units[curr].warrior_type.enemy_type())
                .filter(|(_, it)| neighbors.contains(&it.position))
                .map(|(i, _)| i)
                .collect();
            close_enemies.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| {
                let a = &self.units[*a];
                let b = &self.units[*b];
                if a.health == b.health {
                    a.position.cmp(&b.position)
                } else {
                    a.health.cmp(&b.health)
                }
            });
            if let Some(closest_index) = close_enemies.first() {
                if self.units[*closest_index]
                    .position
                    .manhattan_distance(&self.units[curr].position)
                    > 1
                {
                    panic!("Distance WTF")
                }
                let attack = self.units[curr].attack;
                let enemy = &mut self.units[*closest_index];
                enemy.health -= attack;
                if enemy.health <= 0 {
                    let enemy = self.units.remove(*closest_index);
                    if *closest_index < curr {
                        curr -= 1;
                    }
                    self.tiles[enemy.position.0][enemy.position.1] = Tile::Empty;
                }
            }
            curr += 1;
        }
        return true;
    }

    fn from_input(input: &Vec<&str>, goblin_attack: i32, elve_attack: i32) -> Self {
        use self::Tile::*;
        use self::WarriorType::*;
        let width = input[0].len();
        let height = input.len();
        let mut inner_vec = Vec::new();
        inner_vec.resize(height, Empty);
        let mut tiles = Vec::new();
        tiles.resize(width, inner_vec);

        let mut units = Vec::new();
        for (y, line) in input.iter().enumerate() {
            for (x, c) in line.chars().enumerate() {
                tiles[x][y] = match c {
                    '.' => Empty,
                    '#' => Wall,
                    'E' => {
                        units.push(Warrior {
                            warrior_type: Elve,
                            position: Position(x, y),
                            health: HEALTH,
                            attack: elve_attack,
                        });
                        Empty
                    }
                    'G' => {
                        units.push(Warrior {
                            warrior_type: Goblin,
                            position: Position(x, y),
                            health: HEALTH,
                            attack: goblin_attack,
                        });
                        Empty
                    }
                    c => panic!("Unexpected input character '{}'", c),
                }
            }
        }

        Game {
            units,
            tiles,
            width,
            height,
        }
    }
}

impl Display for Game {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), std::fmt::Error> {
        use self::Tile::*;
        for y in 0..self.height {
            let mut line = String::with_capacity(self.width);
            for x in 0..self.width {
                if let Some(warrior) = self.units.iter().find(|it| it.position == Position(x, y)) {
                    line.push(match warrior.warrior_type {
                        WarriorType::Elve => 'E',
                        WarriorType::Goblin => 'G',
                    });
                } else {
                    line.push(match &self.tiles[x][y] {
                        Empty => '.',
                        Wall => '#',
                    });
                }
            }
            f.write_str(&line)?;
            f.write_str(&"\n")?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Map {
    fields: Vec<Vec<MapTile>>,
    width: usize,
    height: usize,
}

#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
enum MapTile {
    Empty,
    TargetNonOccupied,
    Occupied,
}

impl Display for Map {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), std::fmt::Error> {
        use self::MapTile::*;
        for y in 0..self.height {
            let mut line = String::with_capacity(self.width);
            for x in 0..self.width {
                line.push(match &self.fields[x][y] {
                    Empty => '.',
                    Occupied => 'X',
                    TargetNonOccupied => 'o',
                });
            }
            f.write_str(&line)?;
            f.write_str(&"\n")?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl Map {
    fn from_game(game: &Game, clear: Position) -> Self {
        let mut fields = Vec::with_capacity(game.width);
        for x in 0..game.width {
            let mut new = Vec::with_capacity(game.height);
            for y in 0..game.height {
                new.push(match &game.tiles[x][y] {
                    Tile::Empty => MapTile::Empty,
                    Tile::Wall => MapTile::Occupied,
                });
            }
            fields.push(new);
        }
        for warrior in game.units.iter() {
            fields[warrior.position.0][warrior.position.1] = MapTile::Occupied;
        }
        fields[clear.0][clear.1] = MapTile::Empty;
        Map {
            fields: fields,
            width: game.width,
            height: game.height,
        }
    }

    fn shortest_path(&self, from: Position, to: Position) -> Option<Vec<Position>> {
        if to == from {
            return Some(vec![]);
        }
        if self.fields[from.0][from.1] != MapTile::Empty {
            return None;
        }
        let mut open: VecDeque<(Option<Position>, Position)> = VecDeque::new();
        open.push_back((None, from));
        let mut predecessors: HashMap<Position, Option<Position>> = HashMap::new();

        while let Some((predecessor, curr_pos)) = open.pop_front() {
            predecessors.insert(curr_pos, predecessor);
            if curr_pos == to {
                break;
            }
            if self.fields[curr_pos.0][curr_pos.1] != MapTile::Empty {
                continue;
            }
            for pos in curr_pos.neighbors(self.width, self.height) {
                if !predecessors.contains_key(&pos) && !open.iter().any(|it| it.1 == pos) {
                    open.push_back((Some(curr_pos), pos));
                }
            }
        }

        if let Some(Some(_)) = predecessors.get(&to) {
            let mut result: Vec<Position> = Vec::new();
            let mut current = to;
            result.push(current);
            while let Some(Some(predecessor)) = predecessors.get(&current) {
                result.push(*predecessor);
                current = *predecessor;
            }
            result.reverse();
            Some(result)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn find_closest_target(&self, from: Position) -> Option<Position> {
        let mut open: VecDeque<(usize, Position)> = VecDeque::new();
        open.push_back((0, from));
        let mut visited: HashSet<Position> = HashSet::new();
        let mut current_found_distance = usize::max_value();
        let mut candidates: Vec<Position> = Vec::new();

        while let Some((curr_dist, curr_pos)) = open.pop_front() {
            if curr_dist > current_found_distance {
                break;
            }
            if self.fields[curr_pos.0][curr_pos.1] == MapTile::TargetNonOccupied {
                candidates.push(curr_pos);
                current_found_distance = curr_dist;
                // all others would have a higher distance and therefore are not relevant
                continue;
            }
            if self.fields[curr_pos.0][curr_pos.1] == MapTile::Occupied {
                continue;
            }
            for pos in curr_pos.neighbors(self.width, self.height) {
                if !visited.contains(&pos) && !open.iter().any(|it| it.1 == pos) {
                    open.push_back((curr_dist + 1, pos));
                }
            }
            visited.insert(curr_pos);
        }

        candidates.sort_unstable();
        if let Some(x) = candidates.first() {
            Some(*x)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}